[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.kapstop.cz\/pivonky-stalice-nasich-zahrad\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.kapstop.cz\/pivonky-stalice-nasich-zahrad\/","headline":"Pivo\u0148ky – st\u00e1lice na\u0161ich zahrad","name":"Pivo\u0148ky – st\u00e1lice na\u0161ich zahrad","description":"Historie a p\u016fvod pivon\u011bk Pivo\u0148ky maj\u00ed sv\u016fj p\u016fvodn\u00ed domov v \u010c\u00edn\u011b, odkud se postupn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily a\u017e do na\u0161ich zahrad. Zde poch\u00e1zej\u00ed nejstar\u0161\u00ed zm\u00ednky o pivo\u0148k\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 nesou lidov\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed r\u016f\u017ee mari\u00e1nsk\u00e1, ji\u017e z 15. stolet\u00ed a dodnes se t\u011b\u0161\u00ed vysok\u00e9 oblib\u011b v okrasn\u00e9m zahradnictv\u00ed – mimo jin\u00e9 d\u00edky sv\u00e9 dlouholetosti a nen\u00e1ro\u010dnosti. V \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 kultu\u0159e […]","datePublished":"2022-01-09","dateModified":"2023-05-03","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.kapstop.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.kapstop.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/60cfa630c84b6c399b95e807e4bc5b6bfe4f26a47dceacbf179d7148760edc6a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/60cfa630c84b6c399b95e807e4bc5b6bfe4f26a47dceacbf179d7148760edc6a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"kapstop.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.kapstop.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/peonies-g4b67723c4_640.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.kapstop.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/peonies-g4b67723c4_640.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.kapstop.cz\/pivonky-stalice-nasich-zahrad\/","about":["Zahrada a d\u016fm"],"wordCount":794,"articleBody":"Historie a p\u016fvod pivon\u011bkPivo\u0148ky maj\u00ed sv\u016fj p\u016fvodn\u00ed domov v \u010c\u00edn\u011b, odkud se postupn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily a\u017e do na\u0161ich zahrad. Zde poch\u00e1zej\u00ed nejstar\u0161\u00ed zm\u00ednky o pivo\u0148k\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 nesou lidov\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed r\u016f\u017ee mari\u00e1nsk\u00e1, ji\u017e z 15. stolet\u00ed a dodnes se t\u011b\u0161\u00ed vysok\u00e9 oblib\u011b v okrasn\u00e9m zahradnictv\u00ed – mimo jin\u00e9 d\u00edky sv\u00e9 dlouholetosti a nen\u00e1ro\u010dnosti.V \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 kultu\u0159e zauj\u00edmaly tyto kv\u011btiny oded\u00e1vna velmi v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 m\u00edsto, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pak v n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch ritu\u00e1lech. N\u011b\u017en\u00e9 a p\u0159itom velkolep\u00e9 pivo\u0148ky zdobily c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9 japonsk\u00e9 dvory a jsou hluboce propojeny s kr\u00e1lovskou hodnost\u00ed, bohatstv\u00edm a ct\u00ed. Ve starov\u011bk\u00e9m \u0158ecku se tyto opojn\u011b von\u00edc\u00ed rostliny t\u011b\u0161ily velk\u00e9 oblib\u011b nejen v okrasn\u00e9m zahradnictv\u00ed, ale rovn\u011b\u017e v l\u00e9\u010ditelstv\u00ed a staly se\u00a0symbolem uzdraven\u00ed. Z\u00e1padn\u00ed kultura pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pivo\u0148ky jako symbol 12. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed svatby a v kv\u011btomluv\u011b znamenaj\u00ed \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed a \u0161\u0165astn\u00e9 man\u017eelstv\u00ed.Latinsk\u00e9 jm\u00e9no\u00a0Paeonia prop\u016fj\u010dila pivo\u0148k\u00e1m \u0159eck\u00e1 b\u00e1je o Paeonovi, l\u00e9ka\u0159i boh\u016f, jeho\u017e Zeus zachr\u00e1nil p\u0159ed hn\u011bvem Askl\u00e9pia, boha medic\u00edny a uzdraven\u00ed, t\u00edm, \u017ee ho prom\u011bnil v p\u016fvabnou kv\u011btinu – pivo\u0148ku.P\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed pivon\u011bkPivo\u0148ky jsou dlouholet\u00e9 rostliny, kter\u00e9 nevy\u017eaduj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 slunce. Vyhovuje jim stanovi\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0polost\u00ednu s dostatkem vl\u00e1hy, ide\u00e1ln\u00ed stanovi\u0161t\u011b je tedy\u00a0na severn\u00ed nebo v\u00fdchodn\u00ed stran\u011b. M\u00edsto pro zasazen\u00ed t\u011bchto rostlin je pot\u0159eba p\u0159edem d\u016fkladn\u011b zv\u00e1\u017eit, nebo\u0165 trv\u00e1 pom\u011brn\u011b dlouhou dobu, ne\u017e se na stanovi\u0161ti „zabydl\u00ed“. M\u016f\u017ee to b\u00fdt i n\u011bkolik let, ne\u017e se pivo\u0148ka adaptuje na sv\u00e9 m\u00edsto a za\u010dne kv\u00e9st. Jej\u00ed bohat\u00e9, na\u010dechran\u00e9\u00a0kv\u011bty a opojn\u00e1 v\u016fn\u011b V\u00e1m v\u0161ak dlouh\u00e9 \u010dek\u00e1n\u00ed do sytosti vynahrad\u00ed. Jakmile se toti\u017e rostlina na stanovi\u0161ti spr\u00e1vn\u011b zaroste, bude V\u00e1m rozkv\u00e9tat ka\u017ed\u00e9 jaro – zhruba od poloviny kv\u011btna – po n\u011bkolik let a\u00a0bez nutnosti n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch \u00fadr\u017ebov\u00fdch proces\u016f.\u00a0Mlad\u00e9 rostliny nen\u00ed pot\u0159eba hnojit, av\u0161ak star\u0161\u00ed pivo\u0148ky m\u016f\u017eete po odkv\u011btu p\u0159ihnojit rozle\u017eel\u00fdm kompostem.\u00a0Odkvetl\u00e9 rostliny\u00a0tak\u00e9 nezapome\u0148te odstranit, aby se kv\u011btina nevysilovala tvorbou semen. D\u0159evit\u00e9 pivo\u0148ky se doporu\u010duje brzy zjara zast\u0159ihnout a odstranit odum\u0159el\u00e9 \u010di p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed v\u011btve. Pivo\u0148ky jsou jedny z nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edch trvalek okrasn\u00e9ho zahradnictv\u00ed mimo jin\u00e9\u00a0tak\u00e9 proto, \u017ee je m\u016f\u017eete vysadit nejen na z\u00e1honech \u010di vyhran\u011bn\u00fdch kruz\u00edch, ale mohou rovn\u011b\u017e p\u0159isti\u0148ovat kmeny nehust\u00fdch d\u0159evin. V tomto tak m\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee trp\u011blivost r\u016f\u017ee p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed r\u016f\u017ee –\u00a0tedy vlastn\u011b\u00a0pivo\u0148ky.\u00a0Druhy pivon\u011bkPivo\u0148ky jsou jedin\u00fdm rodem \u010deledi pivo\u0148kovit\u00fdch (Paeoniaceae) z \u0159\u00e1du lomikamenotvarn\u00fdch (Saxifragales) vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch dvoud\u011blo\u017en\u00fdch rostlin. Tento rod \u010d\u00edt\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 35 druh\u016f, vyskytuj\u00edc\u00edch se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v oblastech m\u00edrn\u00e9ho p\u00e1su severn\u00ed polokoule.Existuj\u00ed dva druhy pivon\u011bk – bylinn\u00e9 a d\u0159evit\u00e9, t\u00e9\u017e ozna\u010dovan\u00e9 jako k\u0159ovit\u00e9 (Paeonia suffruticosa).\u00a0V\u00fd\u0161ka bylinn\u00fdch pivon\u011bk\u00a0se m\u016f\u017ee pohybovat a\u017e kolem 60 – 100 cm. Vyzna\u010duj\u00ed se pln\u00fdm kv\u011btenstv\u00edm a ve sv\u00e9 palet\u011b barev nab\u00edzej\u00ed bylinn\u00e9 pivo\u0148ky r\u016fzn\u00e9 odst\u00edny r\u016f\u017eov\u00e9, \u010derven\u00e9 a ojedin\u011ble i oran\u017eov\u00e9.\u00a0Pr\u016fm\u011br kv\u011bt\u016f se pohybuje okolo 10 cm. Tyto kv\u011btiny zazimov\u00e1vaj\u00ed zaschnut\u00edm a\u017e k zemi, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e zjara pak\u00a0vyh\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed nov\u00e9, mlad\u00e9 v\u00fdhonky, zpravidla \u010derven\u00e9 barvy. Nejproslulej\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1stupcem t\u011bchto pivon\u011bk je pivo\u0148ka l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 (latinsky Paeonia officinalis), kvetouc\u00ed obvykle r\u016f\u017eov\u011b nebo \u010derven\u011b.Pokud chcete bylinn\u00e9 pivo\u0148ky rozmno\u017eit, m\u016f\u017eete tak u\u010dinit \u0159\u00edzkov\u00e1n\u00edm \u010dasn\u011b zjara \u010di v srpnu, pop\u0159\u00edpad\u011b d\u011blen\u00edm.V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed v na\u0161ich parc\u00edch a zahrad\u00e1ch konkurovat doposud p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edm bylinn\u00fdm pivo\u0148k\u00e1m tak\u00e9 d\u0159evit\u00e9 (k\u0159ovit\u00e9) kultivary. Jde o poloke\u0159e, kter\u00e9 mohou dor\u016fstat do v\u00fd\u0161ky 2 m a krom\u011b odst\u00edn\u016f \u010derven\u00e9 a r\u016f\u017eov\u00e9 nab\u00edzej\u00ed ve sv\u00e9 palet\u011b barev rovn\u011b\u017e \u017elut\u00e9 kv\u011btenstv\u00ed a kv\u011bty mohou b\u00fdt i drobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Od bylinn\u00fdch druh\u016f se d\u0159evit\u00e9 pivo\u0148ky vzr\u016fstem a zp\u016fsobem p\u0159ezimov\u00e1n\u00ed. Na zimu se toti\u017e nezatahuj\u00ed do zem\u011b, ale pouze shazuj\u00ed listy. Nejproslulej\u0161\u00edm d\u0159evit\u00fdm kultivarem je pivo\u0148ka k\u0159ovit\u00e1 (latinsky Paeonia suffruticosa).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.5\/5 - (10 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Pivo\u0148ky – st\u00e1lice na\u0161ich zahrad","item":"https:\/\/www.kapstop.cz\/pivonky-stalice-nasich-zahrad\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]